First solve one of the two equations (whichever is easier) for either x or y, whichever variable is easier. Let's say you solved for x. Then plug what x equals into the 2nd equation as x. So if you got x = 2y + 1, plug that into your other equation and solve for y (you should get a number value).
Now take whatever y equals and plug that back into what you got when you solved for x (the x = 2y + 1) to get what x equals.
To find the ratio, we must find the total amount of days (31) and the number of days that are either a Saturday or a Sunday (10). Since in the sentence, the number of Saturdays and Sundays is mentioned first, the 10 would precede the 31 in the ratio.
Final Answer - 10:31
