Answer;
High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient.
Explanation;
-The electron transport chain sets up a proton concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, with more protons outside the membrane.
-As a result of this gradient, the protons are waiting to get across the membrane. This happens through the transmembrane protein ATP synthase, which uses the energy moving protons through its pore to add a phosphate to ADP, thus producing ATP.
Answer: Initiation Elongation and termination
Explanation:
There are three main steps to DNA replication: initiation, elongation, and termination. In order to fit within a cell's nucleus, DNA is packed into tightly coiled structures called chromatin, which loosens prior to replication, allowing the cell replication machinery to access the DNA strands.
The best description of expression gene process is constitutive. this is because it is the partial diploid strain whereby the strain containing a beta-galactosidase gene which is constitutive.
Gene expression process is the process by which information from a gene is being used in the synthesis of the functional gene product. The process gene expression is used by different known life. For example, we eukaryotes, prokaryotes and utilized by viruses which are used to generate the macromolecular machinery which is for life.
Answer: A single strand
Explaination:RNA and DNA are macromolecules made up of nucleotides organised in chains. DNA has double strands organised in a helical shape.
