The statement above is TRUE.
The electrochemical gradient in the chloroplast is a gradient of electrochemical potential of ions which move across the membrane of the chloroplast during the photosynthesis process. The proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane drives the ATP synthesis during photosynthesis.
Your answer is (B.)
Fossils in newer layers if rock are generally estimated to be younger than fossils found in the deeper layers because it is closest to the surface. The soil and earth didn't have enough time to "bury" the remains of the dead animal ( Bury is used for a simpler term) underground. The farther down a fossil is the more likely it is older unless the animal tends to burrow. Seeing as the question is probably talking of older animals that is unlikely for an animal to burrow that far. So your answer is B.
1. Oxidized
2. Reduced
3. Glucose
4. Pyruvate
5. NAD+
6. NADH
An acronym for understanding gain and loss of electrons is OIL RIG (Oxidation is Loss of electrons, Reduction is Gain of electrons).
