Answer: 3 stages- glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. In glycolysis, the beginning process of all types of cellular respiration, two molecules of ATP are used to attach 2 phosphate groups to a glucose molecule, which is broken down into 2 separate 3-carbon PGAL molecules. PGAL releases electrons and hydrogen ions to the electron carrier molecule NADP+. A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and released as carbon dioxide. The two-carbon molecule from the first step is oxidized, and NAD+ accepts the electrons to form NADH. The oxidized two-carbon molecule, an acetyl group, is attached to Coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA. The citric acid cycle, where acetyl CoA is modified in the mitochondria to produce energy precursors in preparation for the next step. Oxidative phosphorylation, the process where electron transport from the energy precursors from the citric acid cycle (step 3) leads to the phosphorylation of ADP, producing ATP. The space between the inner and outer membrane is called the intermembrane space. The space enclosed by the inner membrane is called the matrix. The second stage of cellular respiration, the Krebs cycle, takes place in the matrix. The third stage, electron transport, takes place on the inner membrane.
Explanation:
Answer: To show how different members of a species are related.
Answer:
Antidiuretic hormone
Explanation:
Antidiuretic hormone that is synthesized and produced in the brain by the hypothalamus, is secreted from the pituitary gland, where it is stored. This hormone is released into the blood stream in response to changes in the water balance in the blood. This hormone helps the kidneys to control and regulate the amount of water in the blood
Answer:
We could feed them with another type of food free of silver salts.
Explanation:
When talking about a phenocopy, we are referring to individuals who genotypically should be expressing a determined phenotype, but due to environmental influence, they express another phenotype. This is a non-inheritable phenotype, so it is not considered a mutation.
If we grow thy flies feeding them another type of food that does not include silver salts, and let them mate and reproduce, they will express the real phenotype, because they will not be influenced by the food. In the following generation, there will be dark individuals carrying the dominant allele, and yellow individuals, with the recessive genotype.
As the leaf surface area decreases ; Number of leaves increase inmost plants.
As the leaf surface area increases, the rate of transpiration increases as well because leaves with large surface areas have bigger stomata. also the smaller the leave surface area of a plant/tree the denser the leaves the plants/tree will have.
Trees with tiny leaves tend to have a lot of leaves because of the decrease transpiration rate occurring in the leaves of the plants .
Hence we can conclude that what generally happens to the number of leaves as leaf surface area decrease is number of leaves increases in most plants.
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