Answer:
An immune response is a reaction which occurs within an organism for the purpose of defending against foreign invaders. The first contact that an organism has with a particular antigen will result in the production of effector T and B cells which are activated cells that defend against the pathogen.
Explanation:
Answer:
a. Glucagon is released by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
Explanation:
When the body is fasting, the pancreas releases glucagon so that your body can produce glucose. Glucagon is a protein hormone made and secreted by alpha cells from pancreatic islets (or islets of Langerhans).
The islets of Langerhans are a special group of cells in the pancreas that produce not only glucagon, but also insulin. These substances act as important regulators of sugar metabolism.
Answer:
ANSWER : a wide range of environmental conditions that shapes communities.
Explanation:
Climate can easily be described as the average weather which occurs in a place over a long period of time probably over many years. The ecosystems and habitats around the earth are shaped due to climate as particular climate can be best for the living condition of one organism but be devastating for the living of another organism. The effect of climate on living communities is such devastating that a change in climate can cause the extinction of a particular kind of species. Climate shall not be confused with weather which is day to day temperature change.
<span>E. Coli
because the eubacteria also called just bacteria
Hope this help</span>
