Answer:
The onset, and treatment of PTSD is no easy matter. In order for such a disorder to appear, which is later expressed with tremendous peaks of stress, crisis, behavioral problems, panic disorders, anxiety disorders, and many more debilitating conditions, a person must have experienced an event, or circumstance, that traumatically negatively impacted the correct psychological and emotional processes of the mind. In these patients, one the most common situations is that panic attacks and anxiety peaks happen particularly when the traumatic event, moment, or circumstance is remembered, and they are very good at remembering not just the moment itself, but all elements that surrounded that trauma. Also, they are able to make really clear connections and associations between those events and normal events in life that, when they appear, trigger the defensive responses of the mind.
The idea of administering a patient with PTSD with medication that would stop memory formation shortly after a traumatic event would not be a good idea simply because while the drugs focus on the chemical processes involved in memory formation, this procedure ignores that memory is much more than just chemicals in the brain. This has been show time and time again in research. Even with strong medication that basically generates amnesia, or trauma to the brain that may cause amnesia, it has been seen, and science cannot yet fully explain how, these patients may have partial, or total recovery of memories. And because the process of memory formation is still so misunderstood, and not all the factors involved are completely known, simply administering a drug that would stop the hormones that are believed to play a role in memory formation could become more of a problem for the patient. Also it is not being considered that amnesia causes even more stress in patients, as somehow the brain still recognizes that there is information present, but cannot simply bring it to concious awareness.
Answer:
Since this question has multiple subquestions in it, I will give you the answer to them as follows:
1. Which neuron would activate a muscle? They are called multipolar neurons, they are found mostly originating from the CNS itself and they are multipolar because when a neuron stimulates a muscle, one signal from just one terminal is not enough; it requires the stimulation from several neurnal terminals.
2. Which neuron would be found in the retina of the eye? A bipolar neuron. This is because these neurons will fulfill a double function: to activate the muscles of the retina, and also they will convey messages taken by the sense of sight, towards the brain for interpretation and integration.
3. Which neuron is a sensory neuron found in a reflex arc? The answer again is a unipolar neuron. These neurons will not reach the brain itself, but rather the reflex arc site on the spinal cord. Their task is to relay sensations from the site that has been stimulated to the spinal cord and from there to the affected place, with the correct response.
4. Which neuron is never myelinated? Again the answer is the bipolar neurons found connecting the retina and the eyes. The reason is that these neurons are capable of relying fast messages to and from the brain, whereas in myelinated ones, messages go slower due to the myeling sheaths.
5. Which neuron is typically involved in the special senses of sight and smell? Once more the answer is the bipolar neurons that are most commonly found connecting the different organs of these two senses. Since these have such unique capabilities: relying information for integration and sensory and motor responses, their action potentials travel fast, and have a short distance to go.
Answer:
the kidneys separate waste material from metabolism like urea, uric acid, and creatinine.
Explanation:
The kidneys are blood filtering equipment. By generating and discharging urine, the kidneys separate waste material from metabolism like urea, uric acid, and creatinine. In addition, urine may contain sulfate and phenol waste and surplus ions of sodium, potassium and chloride. The kidneys assist to keep homeostasis by controlling body fluid concentration and quantity
Answer:
The only effective treatment for typhoid is antibiotics. The most commonly used are ciprofloxacin (for non-pregnant adults) and ceftriaxone. Other than antibiotics, it is important to rehydrate by drinking adequate water. In more severe cases, where the bowel has become perforated, surgery may be required.
