Changes in mental status referred as "delirium".
These also can be described as depression, dementia, and coma.
What is Change in Mental status?
- Change in Mental status results in life threatening situations.
- Generally, changes in consciousness can be divided into changes of arousal, the content of consciousness, or a combination.
- Hypoactivity can be described by tiredness and Arousal includes it.
- Depression results in personal withdrawal, slowed speech, or poor results of a cognitive test.
- Coma is a complete loosing of consciousness in which they don't respond.
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Answer:
Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are one of the commonest causes of medication error in developed countries, particularly in the elderly due to poly-therapy, with a prevalence of 20-40%. In particular, poly-therapy increases the complexity of therapeutic management and thereby the risk of clinically important DDIs, which can both induce the development of adverse drug reactions or reduce the clinical efficacy. DDIs can be classify into two main groups: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic. In this review, using Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and Reference lists we searched articles published until June 30 2012, and we described the mechanism of pharmacokinetic DDIs focusing the interest on their clinical implications.
Keywords: Absorption, adverse drug reaction, distribution, drug-drug interactions, excretion, metabolism, poly-therapy
Most retinal detachments are treated with a technique known as <u>scleral banding</u>, which involves placing a silicone band over the detached area, forcing the layers of the retina together.
What is scleral banding or buckle?
A scleral buckle is one of several ophthalmologic procedures that can be used to repair a retinal detachment. Retinal detachments are usually caused by retinal tears, and a scleral buckle can be used to close the retinal break, both for acute and chronic retinal detachments.
Scleral buckles come in many shapes and sizes. A silicone sponge (with air filled cells) is a cylindrical element that comes in various sizes. An encircling band is a thin silicone band sewn around the circumference of the sclera of the eye. A solid silicone grooved Tyre element is also used. Buckles are often placed under a band to create a dimple on the eye wall.
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