Answer:
b. Small stagnant pools do not provide enough water to dilute ammonia, which is toxic.
Explanation:
Amongst urinary waste products which are ammonia, urea and uric acid, ammonia is the most toxic, then comes urea which is mildly toxic while uric acid is the least toxic. Various organisms excrete these urinary wastes as per their habitat/adaptations. These waste products have some advantages and some disadvantages over each other. For example, ammonia is extremely toxic so it cannot be retained in the body for a longer time but it requires very less energy to produce ammonia than to produce urea that is why most of the aquatic animals excrete ammonia as urinary waste to save their energy and keep on urinating frequently because they live in water all the time. In a large water pool, excreting this ammonia does not cause toxicity because it gets diluted in the surrounding easily.
In contrast to this, land inhabiting animals like mammals prefer to excrete urea as urinary waste even if they have to spend more energy/ATP to convert ammonia into urea with the help of urea cycle. Land animals have to retain urinary waste products in their body for a longer time as compared to aquatic animals and this is the reason why they urinate less frequently because urea being less toxic can be retained in the body for a longer time.
But african lungfish is an exception to other aquatic animals when it comes to producing urinary waste because they live in small stagnant pools of fresh water and if they will excrete ammonia as waste it will make the habitat toxic leading to their death.
Answer:
Grunion (Leuresthes tenuis): life begins at high tide. During summer and spring, thousands of these fish swim up onto sandy beaches (carried in by high tide). This is called a grunion run, and it occurs ta night during the new moon and full moon when the tide is highest. The females wiggle into the sand and lay thousands of eggs as the males deposit sperm around them. Afterward, they are swept back into the sea. The spawning is timed so exactly that it occurs only on the second, third, and fourth days that follow a new or full moon. After the grunion eggs are fertilized, they incubate for two weeks until the next new or full moon occurs.
Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus): during late May and early June, vast numbers of horseshoe crabs come together in shallow bays, marshes, and inlets along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, waiting to come up on the beaches to spawn. The signal to begin is provided by the moon. During the new and full moons, when tide is highest, the crabs come ashore. The female produces a cluster of tiny eggs on her abdomen, and the eggs are fertilized by the male's sperm, and then deposited out in the sand by the female. The next two weeks, the eggs incubate until they hatch during the next full or new moon. When the high water reaches the eggs, they hatch and go out into the ocean.
Explanation:
hope this helps!
Answer:
Rounded it should be about 8.95
Explanation:
but in normality its 4, 8.9523
water at 273 K will absorb less environmental heat energy than ice at 273 K. Therefore, ice at 273 K is more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature.
