I think the answer would be the Compromise of 1850 that led to sectional tensions and the formation of a new political party. It was a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states regarding the status of territories acquired.
the federalists were the first political party to have a president in office
I believe it was the New Jersey Plan, which proposed that "e<span>ach state was equal regardless of the size of its population."</span>
