The answer is actually Complex drainage systems to keep structures from flooding.
When considering Job's friend's approach, first, one must take into account Job's current situation. He had lost all of his sons, his wealth, his health, and probably the respect of others around him and his friends did little or nothing to ease his pain. For example, when trying to comfort him, Bildad, said that if Job's son died, its because they were sinners or evil men and they deserved to die. Eliphaz hinted that Job was not a righteous man, and he was being punished by God, who doesn't value the good actions of his servants.
When reading their full speech, one can see how they not only failed to ease Job's suffering, but also contributed to increase it. Blaming him from his suffering, blaming god, or insinuating that god was cruel. A god that Job deeply believed in. If one could say that they did at least something right is that they stopped Job from feeling sorry of himself. And when the last of his friends Elihu stepped in he helped him to see the bigger picture. And how he could still be a good man, and be suffering, because he was not perfect, and he could make mistakes.
A better approach could have been starting with kind words, feeling truly sorry for his loss, helping him to see that his sons had no blame in what happened, and that god could still be there to support him. And when the time was right, help him to stop feeling sorry of himself, in a kind but strong way, as Elihu did.
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Explanation:
Answer:Islam had already spread into northern Africa by the mid-seventh century A.D., only a few decades after the prophet Muhammad moved with his followers from Mecca to Medina on the neighboring Arabian Peninsula (622 A.D./1 A.H.). The Arab conquest of Spain and the push of Arab armies as far as the Indus River culminated in an empire that stretched over three continents, a mere hundred years after the Prophet’s death. Between the eighth and ninth centuries, Arab traders and travelers, then African clerics, began to spread the religion along the eastern coast of Africa and to the western and central Sudan (literally, “Land of Black people”), stimulating the development of urban communities. Given its negotiated, practical approach to different cultural situations, it is perhaps more appropriate to consider Islam in Africa in terms of its multiple histories rather then as a unified movement.
The first converts were the Sudanese merchants, followed by a few rulers and courtiers (Ghana in the eleventh century and Mali in the thirteenth century). The masses of rural peasants, however, remained little touched. In the eleventh century, the Almoravid intervention , led by a group of Berber nomads who were strict observers of Islamic law, gave the conversion process a new momentum in the Ghana empire and beyond. The spread of Islam throughout the African continent was neither simultaneous nor uniform, but followed a gradual and adaptive path. However, the only written documents at our disposal for the period under consideration derive from Arab sources (see, for instance, accounts by geographers al-Bakri and Ibn Battuta)
Explanation: Hope this helps you~!<\3
