Answer:
I believe the answer is A
Explanation:
The other reasons would not give enough reason for competition between populations.
Since phenotypes generally are descriptions of insects or humans, an example of a red-winged butterfly's phenotype would be the red hue of its wings. Phenotypes are observed characteristics. Though, genotypes are the entailed genetic constitution of that being. Genetic constitution goes beyond the naked eye's observations, so an example of that would be the red-wing color gene it has.
Answer:
Presence of specific antigen receptors on the surface of Immunocompetent B and T cells make them to generate immune response against specific antigens only.
Explanation:
The cellular and antibody-mediated immune responses are specific in nature. This means these immune responses are generated for particular foreign molecules or antigens only. These immune responses include B and T lymphocytes. Before T cells leave the thymus or B cells leave the red bone marrow, they develop immunocompetence. Immunocompetence is the ability to carry out adaptive immune responses. During this process. B cells and T cells make distinctive proteins and insert them into their plasma membranes. Some of these proteins function as antigen receptors capable of recognizing specific antigens. This is why the B and T cell-mediated third line of defense are specific in nature.
For example, antibody-mediated immune responses generate the memory cells for most previously encountered antigens to ensure the generation of more rapid and vigorous response during any further encounter with the same antigen.
Answer:
1. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited red blood cell disorder in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout your body. Normally, the flexible, round red blood cells move easily through blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, the red blood are shaped like sickles or crescent moons.
Treatments: Blood transfusion
Symptoms: Pain
2. Diabetes is the <u>condition in which the body does not properly process food for use as energy</u>. Most of the food we eat is turned into glucose, or sugar, for our bodies to use for energy. The pancreas, an organ that lies near the stomach, makes a hormone called insulin to help glucose get into the cells of our bodies.
3. Acne is a skin condition that occurs when your hair follicles become plugged with oil and dead skin cells. It causes whiteheads, blackheads or pimples. Acne is most common among teenagers, though it affects people of all ages.
Answer:
Such transport mechanism is called<u> Antiport.</u>
Explanation:
The production of hydrochloric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells requires the activity of the
enzyme, carbonic anhydrase.In the presence of carbonic anhydrase CO₂ and H₂O are converted to HCO⁻ and H⁻.
The newly generated proton (H+
)s transported into the lumen of the stomach via the e H
₊₋K
+ATPase (called the proton pump)Concurrently, HCO₃
⁻ exits from the basal surface (blood side) of the parietal cell via the HCO₃⁻
₋ Cl antiporter.
The chloride ionneeded to form HCl, enters the parietal cell from the blood via the HCO₃⁻₋Cl⁻ antiporter and exits at the luminal side by the Cl⁻ channel. Once within the lumen of the stomach, cl⁻ combines with H⁺to form HCl.
The luminal K⁺ that is needed to maintain the activity of the proton pump(H⁺₋K⁻ATPase)enters the parietal cells from the stomach lumen by the H⁺₋K⁺ + ATPase and is then recycled back into the lumen of the stomach by the K⁺ channel.
