Answer:
1. medicine
2. astronomy
Explanation:
Medicine: Muslim doctors made significant contributions to medicine, including anatomy, experimental medicine, ophthalmology, pathology, pharmaceutical sciences, physiology, surgery, etc. In addition, they created some of the first hospitals, the first medical school, and the first psychiatric hospitals.
Ibn Sina helped to lay the foundations of modern medicine, thanks to his Canon of Medicine, which introduced experimentation and systematic quantification applied to human physiology. He also described contagious diseases for the first time, introduced quarantine as a method of avoiding contagion, introduced experimental medicine, evidence-based medicine, and clinical trials, studied the spread of diseases through water and soil, among many other advances.
Astronomy: The first caliphs of Baghdad put an astronomer at the head of his House of Wisdom: Yaya Belmansum, who concentrated around him the most outstanding scientists of the time, putting at his disposal an excellent library and abundant material resources. These scientists and scholars made great contributions to the field of Astronomy, they invented the Astrolabe, studied comets, translated the astronomy works of the ancient Greeks, determined the duration of the solar year, made important progress towards spherical trigonometry, improved calendars, and several Muslim astronomers stated the logical possibility of the Earth's motion around the Sun.
