Answer:
2007
“Sea ice extent was clearly on its way down, and Arctic temperatures were clearly rising.” “But then came 2007, when September sea ice extent didn't just drop to a new record low, it blew away the old record. In many ways, 2007 was the beginning of the 'new Arctic.
The Magna Carta lead to the creation of the English Parliament, as well as the House of Commons and the House of Lords, if I recall correctly. Hope that helped.
Conditions there were favorable to emigration
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