The Jungle brought light to the harsh reality of the working and food conditions. The book helped the passage of many Federal food safety laws.
One very negative consequence of increased feelings of nationalism after WWI was the rise of fascism or so-called national socialism in countries like Germany and Italy. These governments appealed to nationalism and blamed such groups as the Jewish people for their economic problems in the late 20's and early 30's and also believed they had the right to invade and control other countries.
Merchants of death is a common moniker for arm dealer..