Answer:
a.There are three signaling pathway
1- Reception in which molecule binds to receptor
2- Signal transduction in which activation of intracellular pathway and enzyme occur.
3- Cellular response in which specific response of cell occur according to receptor and ligand.
b. Three types of receptors are
1- autocrine
2- paracrine
3- endocrine.
Explanation:
autocrine receptors are signaling pathway in which cell releases its molecule and bind to its own cell receptor example cancer cells while paracrine in which ligand binds to other nearby cell receptor and it is used during development and in endocrine cell target distinct cell and travel through blood stream like hormones functioning.
Answer:
In the dark phase (which takes place in the stroma), the ribulose bisphosphate added to the carbon dioxide gas (CO2) in the air results in the production of organic compounds, principally carbohydrates or sugars, whose molecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Explanation:
Water pollution from pulp and paper mills harms plants, animals, and humans is an example of<span> a market failure caused by an externality.
</span>The term externalities denotes consequences of an economic activity. <span> When a product or service's price </span>equilibrium<span> does not accurately reflect the true costs and benefits of that product or service this </span>leads to <span>market failure.In this case the externalities are excess production.</span>
