He believes that only people who are value free (bias free) can study sociology. This means that people who believe in social reform should not study sociology because they have a particular bias and in order to become a sociologist, one has to avoid bias.
An independent variable is a variable that is controlled in the experiment to test whether there will be an effect on the dependent variable. So in the experiment, the independent variable is the color of the feeder because Jamal wants to know if there is an effect if he uses red feeders on the hummingbirds. This is the one being controlled by Jamal because he can use a variety of colors of the feeders.
It is called experimenter bias
experimenter bias refers to the cognitive bias that held by researchers that might cause them to subconsciously influence the outcome of the experiment.
The most likelt cause of this bias is a situation where experimenters held a certain belief or expectation for the outcome of the experiment.
The answer to this is A price fixing.
Price fixing is where sellers agree to sell a certain product around the same price.
-Seth
The statement ‘Studies investigating the benefits of
meditation and biofeedback have shown mixed results’ is false. Meditation is a
state of processing a peaceful mind and biofeedback is to train people with health
problems.