Answer:
Regulatory gene
Explanation:
Transcription is one of the major processes that occurs during gene expression. It is the transfer of the genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA. A strand of mRNA is made using complementary base pairs.
However, there is need for gene expression to be regulated.
Gene regulation refers to the mechanism that acts to induce or repress the expression of a gene. These include structural & chemical changes to the genetic material, binding of proteins to specific DNA elements to regulate transcription. These proteins that influences transcription by binding to specific nucleotide sequences (DNA segments/gene) are referred to as REGULATORY PROTEINS and those involved in regulating transcription of genes are called TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.
Regulatory proteins controls the rate and manner of gene expression by binding to specific genes, thus, making it easy or hard for RNA polymerase (enzyme that attaches to DNA to synthesize mRNA molecule) to bind to the promoter of that gene.
Transcription factors (regulatory proteins) that promote gene transcription are called ACTIVATORS while those that decrease are called REPRESSORS.
The correct answer for both blanks is "Sodium".
Sodium ions are necessary in small quantities for some sorts of flora, but sodium as a nutrient is extra usually wanted in large quantities by using animals, due to their use of it for era of nerve impulses and for upkeep of electrolyte balance and fluid stability. In animals, sodium ions are vital for the aforementioned capabilities and for coronary heart hobby and sure metabolic functions.
Answer:
None of these is true. (Ans e.)
Explanation:
C) Inhaled chemicals can irritate the throat or nose, damage the lungs, and enter through the lung to the bloodstream.
A) Skin is not impermeable in nature.
B) It is not safe to smoke around hazardous chemicals, as long as you wear gloves, because people can carry hazardous chemicals from cigarette smoke then releasing those compounds into non-smoking environments.
D) Alkaline can denature proteins, and they also break down fats in a process which is known as saponification. Burns from alkalines worse than burns from acids.
As they are built in costal areas,they use eolic energy to function ,which is a clean form of energy and thus reduces dependency on fuels causing air pollution
<h2>Differential test</h2>
Explanation:
A differential test helps to distinguish that which species lack or have the particular biochemical process,the three differential test media are:
1) Blood agar: Blood Agar is an enriched medium which is used to culture those bacteria or microbes that do not grow easily
- It is also required to detect and differentiate haemolytic bacteria, especially Streptococcus species
- It is also a differential media in allowing the detection of hemolysis (destroying the RBC) by cytolytic toxins secreted by some bacteria, such as certain strains of Bacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Staphylococcus
2) Eosin methylene blue agar (EMB): It is a selective and differential medium used to isolate fecal coliforms
- Eosin methylene blue are pH indicator dyes which combine to form a dark purple precipitate at low pH; they also serve to inhibit the growth of most Gram positive organisms
- Sucrose and lactose serve as fermentable carbohydrate sources which encourage the growth of fecal coliforms and provide a means of differentiating them
3) Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA): It is a selective and differential medium
- The high concentration of salt (7.5%) selects for members of the genus Staphylococcus, since they can tolerate high saline levels
- Organisms from other genera may grow, but they typically grow very weakly
Three examples of tests which are done on colonies are:
1) Catalase test: Catalase is an enzyme that breaks hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into H2O and O2
- Hydrogen peroxide is often used as a topical disinfectant in wounds, and the bubbling that is seen is due to the evolution of O2 gas
- A small amount of growth from the culture is placed onto a clean microscope slide
- Few drops of H2O2 onto the smear is added
- A positive result is the rapid evolution of O2 as evidenced by bubbling
- A negative result is no bubbles or only a few scattered bubbles
2) Indole test: The main requirement for a suitable indole test medium is that it contain
s a sufficient amount of tryptophan
- Tryptone broth is commonly used
- The tube of tryptone broth with a small amount of a pure culture is inoculated
- Incubation is done at 35°C (+/- 2°C) for 24 to 48 hours
- To test for indole production, 5 drops of Kovács reagent is directly added to the tube
- A positive indole test is indicated by the formation of a pink to red color in the reagent layer on top of the medium within seconds of adding the reagent
- If a culture is indole negative, the reagent layer will remain yellow or be slightly cloudy
3) Urease test: Urease is a constitutively expressed enzyme that hydrolyzes urea to carbon dioxide and ammonia
- The urease test identifies those organisms that are capable of hydrolyzing urea to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide
- Urease test media contain 2% urea and phenol red as a pH indicator
- An increase in pH due to the production of ammonia results in a color change from yellow (pH 6.8) to bright pink (pH 8.2)
- Urea broth is a highly buffered medium requiring large quantities of ammonia to raise the pH above 8.0 resulting in a color change
