1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Marizza181 [45]
2 years ago
6

In 3-5 sentences how are viruses,prokarya , and eukaryotic cells different (include the words:cell,living,size,disease,animal,an

d bacteria)
Biology
1 answer:
dedylja [7]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Components of Prokaryotic Cells

All cells share four common components: 1) a plasma membrane, an outer covering that separates the cell’s interior from its surrounding environment; 2) cytoplasm, consisting of a jelly-like region within the cell in which other cellular components are found; 3) DNA, the genetic material of the cell; and 4) ribosomes, particles that synthesize proteins. However, prokaryotes differ from eukaryotic cells in several ways.

A prokaryotic cell is a simple, single-celled (unicellular) organism that lacks a nucleus, or any other membrane-bound organelle. We will shortly come to see that this is significantly different in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic DNA is found in the central part of the cell: a darkened region called the nucleoid.

 

In this illustration, the prokaryotic cell has an oval shape. The circular chromosome is concentrated in a region called the nucleoid. The fluid inside the cell is called the cytoplasm. Ribosomes, depicted as small circles, float in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is encased in a plasma membrane, which in turn is encased by a cell wall. A capsule surrounds the cell wall. The bacterium depicted has a flagellum protruding from one narrow end. Pili are small protrusions that extend from the capsule in all directions.

Figure 3.6 This figure shows the generalized structure of a prokaryotic cell.

Unlike Archaea and eukaryotes, bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, comprised of sugars and amino acids, and many have a polysaccharide capsule (Figure 3.6). The cell wall acts as an extra layer of protection, helps the cell maintain its shape, and prevents dehydration. The capsule enables the cell to attach to surfaces in its environment. Some prokaryotes have flagella, pili, or fimbriae. Flagella are used for locomotion, while most pili are used to exchange genetic material during a type of reproduction called conjugation.

Eukaryotic Cells

In nature, the relationship between form and function is apparent at all levels, including the level of the cell, and this will become clear as we explore eukaryotic cells. The principle “form follows function” is found in many contexts. For example, birds and fish have streamlined bodies that allow them to move quickly through the medium in which they live, be it air or water. It means that, in general, one can deduce the function of a structure by looking at its form, because the two are matched.

A eukaryotic cell is a cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound compartments or sacs, called organelles, which have specialized functions. The word eukaryotic means “true kernel” or “true nucleus,” alluding to the presence of the membrane-bound nucleus in these cells. The word “organelle” means “little organ,” and, as already mentioned, organelles have specialized cellular functions, just as the organs of your body have specialized functions.

Cell Size

At 0.1–5.0 µm in diameter, prokaryotic cells are significantly smaller than eukaryotic cells, which have diameters ranging from 10–100 µm (Figure 3.7). The small size of prokaryotes allows ions and organic molecules that enter them to quickly spread to other parts of the cell. Similarly, any wastes produced within a prokaryotic cell can quickly move out. However, larger eukaryotic cells have evolved different structural adaptations to enhance cellular transport. Indeed, the large size of these cells would not be possible without these adaptations. In general, cell size is limited because volume increases much more quickly than does cell surface area. As a cell becomes larger, it becomes more and more difficult for the cell to acquire sufficient materials to support the processes inside the cell, because the relative size of the surface area across which materials must be transported declines.

 

Relative sizes on a logarithmic scale, from 0.1 nm to 1 m, are shown. Objects are shown from smallest to largest. The smallest object shown, an atom, is about 1 nm in size. The next largest objects shown are lipids and proteins; these molecules are between 1 and 10 nm. Bacteria are about 100 nm, and mitochondria are about 1 µm. Plant and animal cells are both between 10 and 100 µm. A human egg is between 100 µm and 1 mm. A frog egg is about 1 mm, a chicken egg and an ostrich egg are both between 10 and 100 mm, but a chicken egg is larger. For comparison, a human is approximately 1 m tall.

Figure 3.7 This figure shows the relative sizes of different kinds of cells and cellular components. An adult human is shown for comparison.

Explanation:

You might be interested in
Draw a line representing the rise and a line Representing the run of the line. state the slope of the line in simplest form
Alik [6]
Im not really sure if you’re looking for the slope-intercept but here it is lol. y = 2/1x + 2
4 0
3 years ago
Which event marks the beginning of DNA replication?
GrogVix [38]
DNA replication begins when something called Helicase (an enzyme) unwinds the helix structure of the DNA. It does this so that Primase can then come along and set down an RNA primer.
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What function is performed by both goblet cells and lacrimal glands? A. digestion B. stress regulation C. protection D. growth r
11111nata11111 [884]
I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option C. The function that is both performed by goblet cells and lacrimal glands is protection.  They produce mucus in order to protect mucous membranes. Hope this answers the question.
5 0
3 years ago
Kiko writes a report to compare and contrast the cells of plants and animals. Which of the following statements is accurate and
VladimirAG [237]

Answer:

The correct answer is: Vacuoles in plants are much larger than those in animals.

Explanation:

The cell membrane of animals is not thicker than those in plants. In addition, plant cells have a thick cell wall surrounding the cell membrane that is made of cellulose and provides great protection against osmotic and mechanical stress.

Vacuoles in plants ARE much larger than vacuoles in animals, because plant cells r<u>equire much more water</u> and other substances to function properly. Animals, on the other hand, can ingest water and nutrients through food.

Animal cells DO have chromosomes. Every organism has chromosomes in their cells: prokaryotes have one single circular chromosome, while eukaryotes have many linear chromosomes (humans, for example, have 46 chromosomes).

Plant cells HAVE chloroplasts, as these organelles are crucial, since they participate in the process of photosynthesis - which is fundamental for the nourishment of the plant.

The statement that belongs in Kiko's report is Vacuoles in plants are much larger than those in animals.

3 0
3 years ago
Which of the following characteristics only pertains to chloroplasts?
beks73 [17]

Answer:

Chloroplasts are a type of plastid—a round, oval, or disk-shaped body that is involved in the synthesis and storage of foodstuffs. Chloroplasts are distinguished from other types of plastids by their green colour, which results from the presence of two pigments, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.

Explanation:

I hope this helps and pls mark me brainliest :)

7 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • QUESTION 27
    8·1 answer
  • BRAINLIESTTTT ASAP!!!
    8·2 answers
  • 20. Unlike monocots, dicots have
    11·1 answer
  • I have two questions. please answer asap. this is living env.
    7·1 answer
  • Baby Carlos is playing with a shape-sorting toy. At first, he tries to fit every block in every opening until one fits. After a
    15·2 answers
  • How are "bands" inherited?
    11·1 answer
  • The genetic code is based on sequences of three bases called . <br>A. protons<br>B. Codons<br>C. DNA
    13·1 answer
  • A paper mill located on a coastal region of Florida experienced an accident in which a large portion of toxic waste from the pla
    7·2 answers
  • If a variety of light colored moths and dark colored moths lived in a forest of trees with a lighter colored bark and the enviro
    13·1 answer
  • Explain the "making life" experiments (BE SPECIFIC).
    13·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!