What book is this ? you can find the answer in the text
Since inflation is on the high and the unemployment rates are not that worrying, Austerity would be some options of fiscal policy to increase the revenue while lowering the inflation and cut expenses, even though it increases the unemployment rates. Austerity measures can be risky for the economy, because little spendings on some sectors can throw the economy out of balance.
The answer is 1
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After the death of Marcus Aurelius, the Roman empire slowly started to decline. Potential new emperors began to focus on pleasing the rich Patricians at the expense of the poor plebeians . The resulting decadence was just one reason for the fall of the empire.
(It needs to be pointed out that as the question seems incomplete and lacks more context, the answer might not meet the its standards).
Its a multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another. Hope this answers your question :)
