Answer:
Intense negotiation resulted in the Treaty of Versailles' “war guilt clause,” which identified Germany as the sole responsible party for the war and forced it to pay reparations. Germany had suspended the gold standard and financed the war by borrowing.
they chiseled valleys into the land
I believe the answer is: Commentaries on the Law of England
Commentaries on the Law of England consist of personal opinion made by Sir William Blackstone, regarding the fundamental rights of people, the rights of things, of private wrongdoings and of public wrongdoings. The early American Legislators used these commentaries as guideline to establish our initial laws after we obtain our independence.
40% came from Angola (central Africa), 19.5% came from Senegambia (west Africa), 16.3% came from The windward coast with 13.3% came from the Gold Coast
Hidalgo dispatched a letter to the French governor of Louisiana