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avanturin [10]
3 years ago
13

Suppose that, in the past, 40% of all adults favored capital punishment. Do we have reason to believe that the proportion of adu

lts favoring capital punishment today has increased if, in a random sample of 15 adults, 8 favor capital punishment? Use a 0.05 level of significance.
Mathematics
1 answer:
Alex_Xolod [135]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The p-value of the test is 0.1469 > 0.05, which means that there is no reason to believe that the proportion of adults favoring capital punishment today has increased, using a 0.05 level of significance.

Step-by-step explanation:

Suppose that, in the past, 40% of all adults favored capital punishment. Test if the proportion has increased:

At the null hypothesis, we test if the proportion is still of 40%, that is:

H_0: p = 0.4

At the alternative hypothesis, we test if the proportion has increased, that is, is greater than 40%, so:

H_1: p > 0.4

The test statistic is:

z = \frac{X - \mu}{\frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}}

In which X is the sample mean, \mu is the value tested at the null hypothesis, \sigma is the standard deviation and n is the size of the sample.

0.4 is tested at the null hypothesis:

This means that \mu = 0.4, \sigma = \sqrt{0.4*0.6}

Random sample of 15 adults, 8 favor capital punishment.

This means that n = 15, X = \frac{8}{15} = 0.5333

Value of the test statistic:

z = \frac{X - \mu}{\frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}}

z = \frac{0.5333 - 0.4}{\frac{\sqrt{0.4*0.6}}{\sqrt{15}}}

z = 1.05

P-value of the test and decision:

The p-value of the test is the probability of finding a sample proportion of 0.5333 or more, which is 1 subtracted by the p-value of z = 1.05.

Looking at the z-table, z = 1.05 has a p-value of 0.8531.

1 - 0.8531 = 0.1469.

The p-value of the test is 0.1469 > 0.05, which means that there is no reason to believe that the proportion of adults favoring capital punishment today has increased, using a 0.05 level of significance.

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