The highest point the medium rises to and a trough is the lowest point the medium sinks to.
There is an electrical gradient and there is a concentration gradient.
1.) Chemical gradient better known as concentration gradient is much more powerful and compelling than the electrical gradient.
2.) Water is a polar molecule, meaning one side it positively charged while the other is negatively charged. This polar charged molecule causes water to have a weaker electrical gradient, thus the water has to move on its concentration gradient.
The correct option is (e) sensory neuron to motor neuron, responsible for the sensitization of the withdrawal response.
The central nervous system receives the excitation from a sensory neuron that has been stimulated by its nociceptors. Notably, these fibres deliver excitement to the sensory neuron's cell body, which is located in the spinal cord's dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neuron in the dorsal root ganglion transmits excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) to motor neurons and interneurons after receiving the action potential from these fibres.
By releasing neurotransmitters into the central nervous system, the sensory neuron does this. Excited somatic motor neurons contract and depolarize the targeted muscles to complete the withdrawal reflex. The motor neuron, which leaves the spinal cord and enters the peripheral nervous system, is where this depolarization travels.
Therefore, sensory neuron to motor neuron is responsible for the sensitization of the withdrawal response.
Learn more about sensory neuron here:
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Answer:
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Hello!! The answer would be A - The SA node. It is known as the "pacemaker" because it initiates the heart's rhythmic contractions. I hope I helped!! Have a great day. :)
