Answer:
infinitive phrase - an infinitive with modifiers, a complement, or a subject, acting together as a single part of speech
gerund phrase - a gerund accompanied by modifiers or complements
infinitive - a form of a verb that generally appears with the word to and acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb
participle - a form of a verb that acts as an adjective
gerund - a form of a verb that acts as a noun
participial phrase - a participle that is modified by an adverb or adverb phrase or has a complement
Explanation:
An infinitive phrase starts with an infinitive - "to" and the simple form of a verb. It also includes objects and or modifiers.
A gerund phrase includes a gerund plus any complements or modifiers, and it functions as a noun.
The infinitive is the basic form of a verb, that is, a form with no inflections - no changes due to a relationship with a subject. It usually comes preceded by "to".
A participle is a word formed from a verb. The present participle is formed by adding -ing to the verb stem, while the past participle of regular verbs is formed by the addition of -d, -ed, or -ied.
A gerund is a noun created by adding -ing to a verb root.
A participial phrase is constituted of a participle and its complements or modifiers. It functions as an adjective.
