Answer:
0.2
Explanation:
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is calculated as below:
WACC = (D/A) x r_D x (1-t) + (E/A) x r_E , where:
A: Market value of company asset;
D: Market value of company debt;
E: Market value of company equity;
r_D: pre-tax cost of debt;
r_E: cost of equity;
t: tax rate
Rearrange above formula a bit, we get:
WACC = (D/A) x r_D x (1-t) + (1 - D/A) x r_E
Putting all the numbers together, we have:
10.9% = (D/A) x 8.9% x (1 - 38%) + (1 - D/A) x 12%
Solve the equation, we get D/A = 17% or D/E = 0.2
So, target debt−equity ratio is 0.2
Answer:
Unemployment rate = 3.6%
Explanation:
Unemployment is the number of people who are willing to work and are actively seeking work but are unable to find it. The unemployment rate is the unemployed / total number of people in the labor force x 100.
In the above scenario, the unemployed is 3 million people. The others are either already employed, unavailable, unwilling or not seeking work.
The labour force comprises of those who are employed and unemployed, that is 80million + 3million = 83 million.
Hence, unemployment rate = (3/83) x 100 = 3.6%
Adverse selection describes situations when high-risk persons are more likely to receive insurance or when one bargaining side has important knowledge that the other does not. Our goal is to influence decision-makers, both inside and outside of government, to consider the future and adopt long-term plans.
When vendors and/or purchasers have different knowledge about a certain component of a product's quality, this is referred to as adverse selection. Thus, those who work in hazardous environments or lead high-risk lives are more likely to buy life or disability insurance, knowing that they will likely be able to use it.
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Answer:
The options for this question are the following:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 0.5
d. 1.5
The correct answer is a. 1
.
Explanation:
Group analysis or grouping is the task of grouping a set of objects in such a way that the members of the same group (called a cluster) are more similar, in some sense or another. It is the main task of exploratory data mining and is a common technique in the analysis of statistical data. It is also used in multiple fields such as machine learning, pattern recognition, image analysis, information search and retrieval, bioinformatics, data compression and graphic computing.
Group analysis is not in itself a specific algorithm, but the task pending solution. Clustering can be done using several algorithms that differ significantly in your idea of what constitutes a group and how to find them efficiently. Classical group ideas include small distances between members of the group, dense areas of the data space, intervals or particular statistical distributions. Clustering, therefore, can be formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem. The appropriate algorithm and the values of the parameters (including values such as the distance function to use, a density threshold or the number of expected groups) depend on the set of data analyzed and the use that will be given to the results. Grouping as such is not an automatic task, but an iterative process of data mining or interactive multi-objective optimization that involves trial and failure. It will often be necessary to pre-process the data and adjust the model parameters until the result has the desired properties.
Answer:
Will increase
Explanation:
Substitutes are the goods which have high elastic demand or positive cross elasticity of demand. An increase in price substantially affects the demand for a substitute good. For example, if tea and coffee are substitutes, an increase in the price of coffee will increase the demand for tea and the overall surplus in the team market.
