Supply refers to the number of goods that are available. Demand refers to how many people want those goods. When the supply of a product ascends, the price of a product descends, and demand for the product can rise because it costs less. At some point, too much of a demand for the product will cause the supply to lessen. A fundamental economic principle that when supply exceeds demand for a good or service, prices fall. When demand surpasses supply, prices tend to rise. There is a flip-side relationship between the supplies and prices of goods and services when demand is not changed.
A thing that represents itself and something else – symbol. An example would be the dove, or the colour white, symbolizing peace.
One thing IS another – metaphor. What distinguishes the metaphor from the simile is that the metaphor is directly introducing the imagery in the text without a comparison word. An example would be: "he is such a pig."
One thing is like another – simile. The simile introduces the comparison with a word such as "like" or "as." "He eats like an ogre" could be an example.
Mental pictures created through descriptions which appeal to the senses – imagery. In literature, the purpose of imagery is to enrich the text by enabling the reader to picture elements of it in their mind.
Use of one word in place of another word associated with it – metonymy. A common type of metonymy is the designation of something by where it is contained, for example "the White House" for the President's administration.
A word which imitates a sound – onomatopoeia. Such as <em>woof</em>, <em>crack</em>, <em>bang</em>.
Exaggeration – hyperbole.
Apparent contradiction – paradox.
Repetition of initial consonant sounds – alliteration. This is often used in poetry, but also in prose, to help the reader imagine the sounds of the scene which is being described (like lots of <em>L</em>s when writing about water, or <em>S</em>s when writing about a snake).
