Answer:
when Charles I raised an army against the wishes of Parliament, ostensibly to deal with a rebellion in Ireland
Explanation:
The correct answer is a metaphor. A metaphor is a figure of speech that uses something to refer to something else. Usually the two things are quite different things but their qualities are somewhat similar in a literal or figurative sense. In this instance "a radiant star" is just a giant conglomerate of burning gases in outer space and "love and brotherhood" are a human emotion and an ideal. However, our sun is a radiant star and it gives us warmth and life and love and brotherhood irradiate human beings with emotional warmth and life and that is why the metaphor is accurate.
Some people lost hope in their religion and formed new ides and started following logic. This cultural revolution spread around the world and people formed new beliefs. It influenced many legal codes and governmental structures that are still in place today.