Answer:
Synthesize energy
Tissue repair and maintenance
Explanation:
Mitosis is a stage in the cell cycle where the produced DNA is separated and two new cells are generated with the equal number of DNA and type of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
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Answer:
C. photosphere, convective zone, radiative zone, and core
Six distinct antibody subtypes can be produced in response to the antigen.
It is assumed that a certain antigen has six distinct antigenic determination sites.
To find out how many various types of antibodies this antigen can trigger production of, read on.
A molecule, chemical structure, foreign particle, pollen grain, or any other substance that can attach to a particular antibody or T-cell receptor is referred to as an antigen.
An epitope is an antigenic determinant, which is the component of an antigen that the immune system recognizes.
An antibody is a large, Y-shaped protein that the immune system employs to recognize and destroy foreign substances like dangerous germs and viruses.
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Answer:
C. NAD⁺
Step-by-step explanation:
NADH is oxidized to NAD⁺ in Complex I of the Electron Transport Chain.
NADH ⟶ NAD⁺ + H⁺ + 2e⁻
The electrons continue through the Electron Transport Chain, and the NAD⁺ is used in three places during the Krebs Cycle.
(a) Isocitrate to oxalosuccinate
Isocitrate + NAD⁺ ⟶ oxalosuccinate + NADH + H⁺
(b) α-Ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA
α-ketoglutarate + NAD+ + CoA → succinyl CoA + CO₂ + NADH
(c) Malate to oxaloacetate
Malate + NAD⁺ ⟶ oxaloacetate + NADH + H⁺
The NADH produced by these three reactions can then be used by Complex I in the Electron Transport Chain.
