Answer:
C. Saudi Arabia.
Explanation:
Saudi Arabia is an hereditary, absolute monarchy. It´s ruled by the Al Saud family. The king is the head of state. The king performs executive, legislative and judicial functions. The monarchy is extremely powerful and citizens have very little rights. The political system is often critized by international human rights organizations for not granting all rights established by international conventions to its citizens.
Two litigants in a case can reach an agreement to settle a matter in question before the Court pronounces the verdict (the correct option is "C"). This agreement is known as an out-of-court settlement which is a compromise between both parts with the purpose of solving the litigation of a previously existing claim.
Italian merchants wanted to avoid working with Muslim middle-men who would take a part of the profit for supplying them with Asian goods. They developed naval travel to travel on their own and increase their profit.
Explanation:
The literal meaning of Jihad is struggle or effort, and it means much more than holy war.
Muslims use the word Jihad to describe three different kinds of struggle:
A believer's internal struggle to live out the Muslim faith as well as possible
The struggle to build a good Muslim society
Holy war: the struggle to defend Islam, with force if necessary
Many modern writers claim that the main meaning of Jihad is the internal spiritual struggle, and this is accepted by many Muslims.
However there are so many references to Jihad as a military struggle in Islamic writings that it is incorrect to claim that the interpretation of Jihad as holy war is wrong.
Jihad and the Prophet
The internal Jihad is the one that Prophet Muhammad is said to have called the greater Jihad.
But the quotation in which the Prophet says this is regarded as coming from an unreliable source by some scholars. They regard the use of Jihad to mean holy war as the more important.
