Answer:
Here's my report.
Explanation:
My research project was based on schizophrenia. Check it out.
Schizophrenia
Introduction
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder which exhibits moments of psychosis in a person. To recognize if a person is under the influence of the disorder, one must carefully study the behaviour of the concerned person, and see if they show any symptoms associated with this disorder. Schizophrenia occurs due to various causes, so one single cause cannot be pinpointed, so it needs to be traced back to the problems the person may be facing or struggling with. In their lifetime, around 0.3-0.7% globally are affected by it. The data collected shows more cases are being reported worldwide due to an increasing number of causes, with one being the coronavirus pandemic, which has forced more people into solitude, restricting their daily-life interaction with others. The treatment results are varied with many seeing improvement in their conditions, some who are fully cured, but the majority of people with this disorder tend to be impaired for a lifetime. Let’s explore this topic further.
Symptoms
Schizophrenia has different symptoms which can be classified into positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thoughts and speech, etc. These symptoms are termed as “positive” because people who only display these symptoms have a higher chance of being cured. Negative symptoms include showing negligible emotion, little to no speech, inability to feel pleasure, insociality, and apathy. Out of these 5 core symptoms, apathy is the central one. Apathy refers to the state where a person has no feelings towards anything, and is very introverted, staying in a state of solitude. People with negative symptoms are found to be more difficult to treat, as they are less responsive to medicine.
Risk Factors
As mentioned in the introduction, schizophrenia is a complex neural disorder with no cause in particular, as it is hypothesised that it may be due to variations in gene-environment interactions. But, to break it down into simpler terms, there are three ways it can be diagnosed: genetically, environmentally, or by substance use. Studies have shown there is a 70-80% chance the disorder is obtained genetically, with the highest risks being related directly to someone with the disease (6.5%), through one of your parents (13%), or by both (50%). Environment diagnosis is more rare, as experiences such as respiratory problems, infection, or in women during pregnancy. Other factors to be considered involve childhood trauma, infections, or even age gap between children and their parents (overage/underage). Now, substance use and its harmful effects have been well-documented to most of us by now. Around 50% of people affected by schizophrenia have admitted to drug use, mainly for recreational purposes, and examples of these drugs include cannabis, tobacco, amphetamine, and even alcohol can be stated as a reason.
Management and Treatment Procedures
Primary treatment of schizophrenia involves the use of antipsychotic medications, while involving psychosocial interventions to provide support such that people with mental illness will be properly cared for and not discriminated against as in general hospitals. First-generation antipsychotic medications are those which affect the neural transmission of dopamine, other termed as dopamine antagonists, and the second-generation antipsychotic medicine takes effect on another neurotransmitter called serotonin. For those who suffer from a critical level of schizophrenia, other support groups take them away from the hospital atmosphere and provide them with more positive surroundings to improve their conditions, and studies have shown that it is a very effective approach in treating schizophrenia. In conclusion, to reduce the risk of schizophrenia, just be your normal self, do things that will give you courage, and talk to people if you’re facing difficulties that can be solved. The more problems you keep to yourself, the more stressed you will feel, and that can affect what you do and feel in your everyday life.