You didn't provide us the text excerpt for your question, so let me simply provide some details concerning the Catholic Reformation.
The Roman Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation in a number of ways intended to strengthen its own stance and its hold on church power. This movement by the Catholic Church is known as the Counter-Reformation or the Catholic Reformation. It included a number of features, such as:
- The formation of religious orders that aimed to build allegiance to Rome and the papacy, and to educate people in Catholic teaching. The Society of Jesus, known as the Jesuits for short, was a key order of this sort. The order was founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1534, along with Francis Xavier and several others.
- The Council of Trent served to reform some abuses that were acknowledged by the Catholic Church, such as the sale of indulgences and the practice of selling church offices (simony). The council also aimed to improve priests' knowledge. The <em>Roman Catechism</em>, also known as the <em>Catechism of the Council of Trent</em>, was commissioned by the Council and was published in 1566, with the intent of thoroughly educating the church's clergy.
- Beyond the reforms noted concerning the Council of Trent, mostly that Council served to reassert the full authority of Roman power and doctrine over the Protestant threat. The Council of Trent held meetings over a span of years from 1545 to 1563.
- The Roman Inquisition was founded in 1542 to act as an investigative body in regard to threats to Rome's teachings. About a century later, Galileo would be one of the most famous persons tried by the Roman Inquisition.
The current industrial process is similar to the processes of the Industrial Revolution in the use of machines for production.
The differences are related to current technological advances, such as the increase in machine automation and industrial communication.
<h3 /><h3>What was the Industrial Revolution?</h3>
It was a change that first occurred in Europe and spread throughout the world, generating changes in the manufacture of goods, with the substitution of an agrarian economy for a manufacturing one, with the use of machines and new means of transport.
Therefore, the Industrial Revolution was a factor that consolidated capitalism, by increasing production and the efficiency of companies.
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<span>Urbanization improved the quality of life for the working, middle and elite classes. The citizens were given faster modes of travel and the inventions such as the telephone and electricity helped improve life at home and work and offered more ways to communicate with each other. Many more people moved to big cities due to more job opportunities, which were created due to more hours being available and companies incorporating new technology like electricity and assembly lines. This in turn increased the number of houses and buildings in cities. Agriculture became less important and industrial work became more important for the working class.</span>
Baroque was all about being highly ornate, flamboyant, over the top, and other similar notions. In music, one of the greatest achievements was the development of tonality which was about composing music in a certain key, which is a feature that is still used nowadays in most songs. New instrumental ways of performing were developed as well as well as huge performances with numerous people participating.
In art, baroque painters wanted to separate themselves from the renaissance artists and focused on using warm colors with great depth and dramatic scenes with dark and light often clashing. They cared about dramatic moments and not just about random daily activities or about events that preceded those great moments.
When it comes to science, Baroque just further expanded on the ideas that were related to renaissance. Scientists from the Age of Baroque were responsible for the scientific revolution. These people were famous scientists who often clashed with the church like Galileo, Copernicus, Descartes, and numerous others.
When it comes to church, Baroque was really important. Unlike the previous renaissance period when the church lost some of its power, in baroque the church flourished because they encouraged baroque as an opposition to the austerity of the protestant church and its beliefs. The Catholic church supported baroque artists because they created in grandeur that was befitting of the catholic church.
The philosophy of the Baroque era was not precisely related to Baroque itself since it was primarily an art movement, so they are mostly referred to as philosophers of the 17th century instead of baroque philosophy. In regards to what they dealt with, they were mostly a bridge between enlightenment, renaissance, and later romantic philosophy tendencies.
Politically, Baroque was a way of showing your class and your social status. Since it was all about grandeur and presentation, the nobles and Kings of various countries enjoyed baroque as it enabled them to fully become absolutists and become larger than life. Although there were wars and conquering and similar, most recognized people from the area are people like Louis XIV of France, also known as the Sun King who was basically treated in France like a god.
Explanation:
The American Colonization Society (ACS) was formed in 1817 to send free African-Americans to Africa as an alternative to emancipation in the United States.
