Answer:
Phosphate sugar backbone:
The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.
Nitrogenous base:
Nitrogen bases are the molecules that make up the steps of the ladders. There are four different nitrogen bases, namely; Guanine, Thymine,Adenine and Cytosine.
Pyrimidines are compounds that make a single 6-sided ring. Examples of pyrimidines are Cytosine and Thymine.
Purines on the other hand make 5-sided and 6-sided rings. Examples of purines are Guanine and Adenine.
The nitrogen bases are helped together through hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen Bonds:
A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
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Answer: Experimetal ablation
Explanation: Experimental abaltion
It can be defined as the most common procedure that is used by the scientists in his laboratory. This procedure includes the removal or destruction of a part of brain for studying the functions of the regions of brain.
Then the behavior of the animal is observed to see which part of the brain is responsible for which type of behavior. This can be an unethical practice so it is not used on human beings and is only used in animals.
Answer:
I did 4 crossovers and followed the genotype. That's how I did it.
Explanation:
