Answer:
Start-up cost; variable cost
Explanation:
Start-up cost is the cost incurred in developing a new product. It is a one time cost that is incurred only at the time of creating something new. Start-up cost includes borrowing cost, research and development cost and expenses incurred on technology.
Variable costs change with the change in units of output produced. Cost of chemicals depend on the amount of drugs produced. So, research and development cost is start-up cost and cost of chemical is variable cost.
<span>GDP = C + I + G + NX = $5.5 trillion + $1 trillion + $1.5 trillion + $.75 trillion - $1.25 trillion = $7.5 trillion</span>
Answer: Decrease and Increase
Explanation:
According to the Mundell–Fleming model, in an economy with flexible exchange rates, expansionary fiscal policy will cause the net exports to decrease. Expansionary fiscal policy shifts the IS curve rightwards, as a result BOP surplus created in the economy. So, exchange rate decreases to shift the BOP back to its initial position. As a result of lower exchange rate, exports falls. Hence, net exports decreases.
Expansionary Monetary policy will cause the net exports to increases. Expansionary Monetary policy shifts the LM curve rightwards, as a result BOP deficit created in the economy. So, exchange rate increases to shift the BOP back to its initial position. As a result of higher exchange rate, exports increases. Hence, net exports increases.
