The answer is A- to separate smaller independent nations from the Cold War superpowers
Richmond, Virginia is the Capital
Edo period when Japan was under Sakoku and built themselves off of Dutch Studies.
The United States was able to pay for the construction of the Panama Canal by negotiating and financing land treaties with the governments of Panama and Columbia. The treaty came to be known as Mallarino- Bidlack treaty. This was a very important treaty for the Americans as they got the control of the Panama Canal.