Respiration and photosynthesis because both happen through the leaves of any plant.
Lamprey and hagfish are jawless fish, with skeletons composed of cartilage. They do not have scales and are considered primitive fish. They are in the superclass cyclosystoma.
Mycorrhizae are associations between fungi and the roots of plants, where the Fungi provides minerals to the plant. It enabled plants and fungi to be the first organisms to invade land successfully 430 million years ago. In most cases the relationship between host plants and the mycorrhizal fungus is mutualistic, or mutually beneficial. The Mycorrhizal fungi come into direct contact with plant roots and with the soil, adding to the plants ability to gather nutrients and water from the soil through the fungus.
The right answer is A) Trisomy
Aberrant karyotypes containing an abnormal number of chromosomes are known in the human species. The best-known (and most common) chromosomal abnormality is trisomy 21, which is responsible for Down syndrome (mongolism). There are others such as Turner syndrome (woman with a single X chromosome) or Klinefelter syndrome (man XXY).
These abnormalities originate from the non-disjunction of the chromosomes of a pair of homologues during metaphase I of meiosis. At the end of division I, a daughter cell contains the two chromosomes of the pair considered and the other cell does not contain a chromosome of this pair. A similar result can be obtained during a bad distribution of chromatids during anaphase II.
After fertilization from a gamete of this type, a trisomy or a monosomy is obtained.
