This procedure is called Pap smear or Pap test. This procedure is used to screen the patient for cervical cancer. Abnormal tissue growth due to HPV virus may be present on the cervix and can only be detected by scraping the cells and observed under a microscope.
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Around 4.1 billion years ago, the first single celled life form appeared on Earth
This means that we can still stay ahead of pathogens that cause disease. As the pathogens rapidly gain resistance against antibiotics, the new evolutionary medicine allows us to understand how these pathogens gain resistance, through evolution, by studying their genetic and physiological changes.
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