They drill holes and bring up samples of rock and study how seismic wave move through the earth.
Not really sure on that one but I can answer the question below called Define Osmosis. :)
The main dietary factor associated with elevated blood cholesterol is saturated fat.
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What about saturated fat?</h3>
- Because they increase the amount of LDL cholesterol in our blood, saturated fats, sometimes known as "bad fats," increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders (including heart disease and stroke).
- Cholesterol that is circulated in the blood.
- The majority of this cholesterol is produced by the body, however some is also absorbed from the meals you eat.
- Even if they include fat, foods derived from plants never contain cholesterol.
- Only foods from animals do. Low density lipoproteins are able to transport cholesterol.
- Dietary fat, particularly saturated and trans fats, may increase LDL and total cholesterol levels in the blood.
- Blood cholesterol levels may be lowered by substituting polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats, particularly olive and canola oil, for some saturated fats.
- When we consume too much saturated fat, the receptors stop functioning as effectively, and blood cholesterol levels rise.
Learn more about saturated fat here:
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In the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group of each molecule of acetyl-CoA is converted into two molecule of carbon dioxide and water. It is the pathway that connects carbohydrates ,fat and protein metabolism.
The cycle which carried out by eight enzymes that completely oxidase acetate by which two carbon molecules in the form of acetyl -CoA into two carbon dioxide and water molecules.6- carbon glucose molecule is split into two 3- carbon molecules called pyruvate , which needs in order to create acetyl CoA.
Citric acid cycle is also known as krebs cycle or TCA cycle it is the series of chemical reactions to release to releases stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA from carbohydrate, fats and protein.
To learn more about Citric acid cycle here
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There in different orders.