Answer:
<u>A. Large amounts of water force open cracks in rocks</u>
Explanation:
Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a drilling method used to extract petroleum (oil) or natural gas from deep in the Earth. In the fracking process, cracks in and below the Earth's surface are opened and widened by injecting water, chemicals, and sand at high pressure.
A is basically explaining this the same way. Forcing cracks in the ground with liquids.
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Answer:
The process of passage of different molecules, solutes, and liquids, through the phospholipid bilayer in human cells, and really in all animal cells, is highly dependent on a tight coordination between chemical, and thermodynamic balances, that will collaborate in these elements being able to pass, or not pass, through a cell´s membrane, and activate other mechanisms within the cell when their passage is not possible. Unlike what was once believed, that transport proteins were like buses parked at the membrane and waiting to be loaded with molecules to later remove themselves from the membrane and carry their load into the cytoplasm, scientific research has found that this is definitely so, and that transport proteins do not come off the layer to transport molecules. They are permanently anchored to the membrane and through a series of second messenger systems, energy produced by the passage of certain ions like potassium and sodium, and other such processes, these transport proteins become activated, allow the passage of molecules and change them in such a way that they can be taken into the cell in vesicles, or, they will anchor them to second messengers, who will be responsible for carrying the molecule inside.
From the list of words given and the two sentences down below, which are two reasons why the earlier believed models for transport proteins are not correct would be:
1. Integral membrane proteins are embedded stably in the membrane and protrude from one or both side based on their hydrophobic, or hydrophilic, regions. These sides will not switch because of the disbalance that would be created if the two sides had to be switched chemically to allow them to pass to the opposie sides.
2. For protein to traverse a membrane, movement of its hydrophilic regions through the interior of the membrane would be required, which would be highly endergonic and hence thermodynamically improbable.
Ans:
Please read the explanation section.
Explanation:
Vegetative propagation does not require seeds or spores to produce offspring. In this propagation, offspring grow from a specific part of the parent plant. In different plants, vegetative propagation happens in different ways. Here are a few examples.
- Garlic, onions, and tulip plants all reproduce using genuine bulbs/true bulbs. These short covered stems are also called scaly bulbs because it has many layers.
- Crocuses reproduce using corms. Corms are similar to genuine bulbs. But, a corm doesn’t have as many layers as true bulbs.
- Potato plants reproduce using tubers. These underground growths propagate new plants from stems or growing points, which is called eyes.
- Ginger plants reproduce using rhizomes. These stems are those which grow sideways along with the soil or just below the surface.
- Strawberry plants reproduce using stolons. Stolons are looking like branches growing along the ground.
Answer:
B, Isotonic solution
Explanation:
In an isotonic solution, the flow of water in and out of the cell is happening at the same rate.
