<span>The human body requires liquid for the production and movement of blood cells, to prevent too low of a dip in blood pressure, and to guarantee that oxygen reaches the brain. All of these problems can be caused by dehydration and, if not treated in time, can be debilitating and even fatal.</span>
Answer:
a. Type O blood - No A or B antigens on RBCs-Anti-A antibodies in plasma-Anti-B antibodies in plasma
b. Type A blood - A antigen on RBCs- Anti-B antibodies in plasma
c. Type B blood - B antigen on RBCs- Anti-A antibodies in plasma
d. Type AB blood - A antigen on RBCs- B antigen on RBCs- Neither anti-A or anti-B in plasma
Explanation:
ABO blood grouping system represents multiple allelism which was discovered in humans by Karl Landsteiner. The blood group is determined by the presence or absence of A & B antigens and antibodies.
The 4 blood groups which exist in ABO system are O, A, B and AB. Also, allele A and B are co-dominant i.e. if they both will exist on the surface of an RBC then both will be equally expressed which implies that there will be no dominant or recessive allele.
Type O blood group has H antigen on the surface of RBC and has both the antibodies i.e. antibody A and B. The absence of antigens A and B makes it a universal donor.
Type A blood group has A antigen on RBC and has antibody B in the plasma.
Type B blood group has B antigen on RBC and has antibody A in the plasma.
Type AB blood group has both the antigens i.e. antigen A and B on RBC and does not have any antibody in the plasma which makes it a universal acceptor.
They use it to react carbon dioxide with water to make a sugar called glucose. The glucose is used in respiration, or converted into starch and stored. Oxygen is produced as a by-product. This process is called photosynthesis.
Immunization refers to the strategies through which individuals can fight against diseases by vaccination.
- Immunization helps to save millions of lives each year around the world.
- Immunization via vaccination reduces the risk of suffering different diseases by boosting the immune system against different antigens present in the pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria).
- Vaccines help the immune system to generate natural antibodies that fight against diseases.
In conclusion, immunization refers to the strategies through which individuals can fight against diseases by vaccination.
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