The one ingredient that helps, but is not necessary to an effective speech delivery, is that it is the result of the speaker's natural talent and gift.
With proper preparation and a healthy dose of courage, anyone can be an effective public speaker. The important elements are that message delivery is impactful, the speech is influential towards the audience, and that audience expectations are met or exceeded. Natural talent helps, but thorough preparation and careful speech planning go much farther towards an effective speech.
Last one (d) the others dont even make sense
C. Translated
Mr. Johnson translated this book.
Simple past tense.
