Answer:
Option C, Each subpopulation is linked to all other subpopulations by dispersal.
Explanation:
Each sub-population with in a metapopulation is not only connected by the dispersal distance travelled by an organism but also by the distance between the patches on which two sub population live. There are several other factors that limitise the concept of connection of subpopulation by dispersal factor and these vulnerable factors are – properties of terrain between the patches and its adverse affect on the dispersal behaviour of dispersing agent/species.
Hence, option C is correct.
Answer:
Norepinephrine
Explanation:
Nerve cells and circulating hormones are the one responsible for vasoconstriction of the vessel walls, as they do not enter the tunica media of the blood vessel, the nerves do not synapse directly on the smooth muscle cells. Instead, they release the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, which diffuses into the media and acts on the nearby smooth muscle cells, which result in contraction of the entire muscle cell layer and thus reducing the radius of the vessel lumen.
Answer:
What impact does a decrease in pH have on urchins?
Decrease in pH simply means high degree of acidity which affects every living organism. The impact of high acidity affects there food intake, development of their young ones (juvenile)
Explanation:
Answer:
When the flea bit someone, the <u><em>plague bacteria</em></u> would get transferred to that person.
<em>Hope this helps.</em>
Chloroplasts (they are only present in plants)