Transcription is the process of literally transcribing the genetic information stored in DNA into RNA. It's the first step in protein synthesis. After DNA gets transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), the RNA gets translated into protein.
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When energy from the sun reaches Earth, it is not absorbed by Earth's core
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Cells can die because they are damaged, but most cells die by killing themselves. Some cell death processes leave no trace of the dead cell, whereas others activate the immune system with substances from the dead cell.
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Please find the explanation below.
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Changes in the genetic sequence of a DNA is called MUTATION. A gene is a segment of the DNA that holds information for the synthesis of proteins, which are responsible for the observable traits in organisms. The expression of a gene brings about the synthesis of a protein that effects a particular trait in an organism. The gene is expressed in two major stages viz: transcription and translation.
Transcription involves production of an mRNA molecule using the encoded information in the genes of a DNA while translation is the synthesis of a protein using the mRNA as a template.
Since, the order of the sequence in a gene determines the order of the sequence in the mRNA which ultimately determines the order of sequence in the protein, a change in the gene of an organism will affect the observed trait of that organism.
More detailedly, a change in the gene will cause a change in the mRNA sequence during transcription. A change in the mRNA sequence will cause a change in the amino acid sequence during translation. A change in the amino acid sequence will affect the protein produced i.e. might not be functional or may not be produced at all. An affected protein will cause a trait in that organism to be affected.
<span>A phosphate group is just a phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms, but it has many important roles. Along with sugars and bases, it makes up nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA. As part of energy carriers, like ATP, it provides energy for moving our muscles.</span>