<span> think the answer your teachers are looking for is D, but I disagree. Both of these concepts date back to ancient Greece or earlier. They resurfaced around the 18th century. </span>
Answer:
Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries. Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time. ... The caliphate—a new Islamic political structure—evolved and became more sophisticated during the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates.
Explanation:
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