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Marbury v. Madison and McCulloch v. Maryland are some of the earliest examples of landmark cases in the history of the Supreme Court. Their decisions, which have had lasting impacts on the interpretation of the Constitution, are vital to todays understanding of the federal government.
Marbury v. Madison established the policy of judicial review. Judicial review holds that the court has the power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional should it be inconsistent with the Constitution. This put a sizable check on the power of Congress to pass laws and established the power of the court in the new government.
McCulloch v. Maryland established that when it comes to clashes between state laws and federal laws, federal laws will always trump state laws except for a few rare exceptions. This reaffirmed the power of the new national government and the broad sweeping power it had over the states.
<span>The 1861 Emancipation Manifesto proclaimed the emancipation of the serfs on private estates and of the domestic (household) serfs.</span>
It reinforced segregation and discrimination
Answer:
By strengthening the earlier Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, the later laws further pressured citizens to take sides regarding the issue of slavery. Tensions between the North and South quickly increased, leading to the eventual secession of the South and the ensuing Civil War.
Explanation:
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<span>During the Bill Clinton administration, no-fly zones in the north and south of Iraq kept Saddam’s aircraft grounded in an effort to protect the Kurds and Shias. In February 1998, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright confirmed that U.S. strategy toward Saddam was containment, arguing that removing Saddam would be too costly and that fomenting a coup would create false expectations.6
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