Answer:
Explanation:
Symbol Representation
I- laci mutant cannot bind to the operator
Is laci mutant always bind to the operator
OC Operator mutant that prevent repressors binding
F’ the wild type operator, O+, and laci gene on a plasmid
L lacZYA genes
I+ O+ L+ Inducible
I+ OC L+ Constitutive
I+ OC L+, F’ Constitutive
I- O+ L+, F’ Inducible
Is O+ L+ no transcription
Is O+ L+, F’ no transcription
The structure of a typical antibody molecule
Antibodies are the secreted form of the B-cell receptor. An antibody is identical to the B-cell receptor of the cell that secretes it except for a small portion of the C-terminus of the heavy-chain constant region. In the case of the B-cell receptor the C-terminus is a hydrophobic membrane-anchoring sequence, and in the case of antibody it is a hydrophilic sequence that allows secretion. Since they are soluble, and secreted in large quantities, antibodies are easily obtainable and easily studied. For this reason, most of what we know about the B-cell receptor comes from the study of antibodies.
Antibody molecules are roughly Y-shaped molecules consisting of three equal-sized portions, loosely connected by a flexible tether. Three schematic representations of antibody structure, which has been determined by X-ray crystallography, are shown in Fig. 3.1. The aim of this part of the chapter is to explain how this structure is formed and how it allows antibody molecules to carry out their dual tasks—binding on the one hand to a wide variety of antigens, and on the other hand to a limited number of effector molecules and cells. As we will see, each of these tasks is carried out by separable parts of the molecule. The two arms of the Y end in regions that vary between different antibody molecules, the V regions. These are involved in antigen binding, whereas the stem of the Y, or the C region, is far less variable and is the part that interacts with effector cells and molecules.
Answer:
Prophage
Explanation:
Prophage is a viral genome (e.g. bacterihage genome) which is inserted into host genome (e.g. bacterial genome). Such integrated genome-prophage is in its latent phase, because there is no lysis or disruption of host cell. After the latent period, prophage induction occurs in which viral replication begins.
B would be the most likely answer.
