3.
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Given:
Number of red marbles = 4
Number of blue marbles = 8
Number of yellow marbles = 6
Number of green marbles = 2
To find:
The probability of getting a blue marble then a red marble, i.e., P(blue, red).
Solution:
Using the given information,
The total number of marbles = 4+8+6+2
= 20
Probability of getting a blue marble in first draw is
Maria selects a marble, puts it back and then selects a second marble. It means the total number of marbles remains the same.
Now, the probability of getting a blue marble then a red marble is
Therefore, the required probability P(blue, red) is .
Treat 
as the boundary of the region 
, where is the part of the surface 
bounded by . We write
with
.
By Stoke's theorem, the line integral is equivalent to the surface integral over of the curl of 
. We have
so the line integral is equivalent to
where
is a vector-valued function that parameterizes . In this case, we can take
with
and 
. Then
and the integral becomes
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with
By Stoke's theorem, the line integral is equivalent to the surface integral over
so the line integral is equivalent to
where
with
and the integral becomes