Stratification in the field of ecology refers to the vertical layering of a habitat; the arrangement of vegetation in layers. ... strata) of vegetation largely according to the different heights to which their plants grow. The individual layers are inhabited by different animal and plant communities (stratozones).
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<u>A) Break down of lactose</u> and production of glucose.
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Explanation:</h2>
Β-galactosidase is a glycoside hydrolases and breaks the lactose polysaccharide into two different monosaccharide called galactose and glucose. It is significant for life forms as it is a key supplier in the generation of vitality and a wellspring of carbons through the separate of lactose to galactose and glucose.
It is additionally significant for the lactose bigoted network as it is liable for making sans lactose milk and other dairy items.
The function of beta-galactosidase is shown in the image below.
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results in the remodeling of chromatin that can activate or inhibit gene expression
Explanation:
In a similar mode to the DNA methylation, different types of histone modifications (including, among others, methylation, acetylation, ribosilation, phosphorylation, etc) can regulate gene expression patterns. Both DNA and histone modifications are epigenetic hallmarks capable of modulating chromatin organization and consequently also the accessibility to transcription factors, thereby having effects on gene expression. In this regard, it is important to note that regulatory non-coding RNA molecules can also epigenetically regulate gene expression.
Explanation:
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<em>decreased variation in the shades of red over time because no form of the trait is advantageous</em>
Explanation:
Natural selection tends to favor those organisms which are better adapted to live in an environment. These organisms are able to survive and pass on their characteristics to their offsprings.
The red colour of the male cardinal's was selected by natural selection and hence this colour was abundant. If the females choose some other criteria for mating with males, then natural selection will no longer favor the red colour and hence there will be a decrease in the variations of red coloiur.