Answer: It is called 'resource partitioning'.
Explanation: The distinct nature of the two species allows them to co-exist in the same premise without any conflict. When one of the species (the diurnal) is out in search of food, the other prefers dwelling on the tree because of its nocturnal nature. Therefore, they are not confronted with each other as predators.
The food that is available at night is consumed by the nocturnal species and the food available during the daytime is eaten up by diurnal species. Hence, there is no competition.
B. Is the answer.........
I believe the answer is: c.Precontemplation
During the precontemplation stage, People seems to be personally comfortable in their current situation and had no plan to change their behaviours in the forseeable future. This stage tend to last until people felt a certain level of threats or urgency.
The last place humans migrated to was South America, so in this case, the Americas