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Conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is bypassed in gluconeogenesis by using two enzymes.
<h3>How does the conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate take place?</h3>
Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) are two different enzymes that work together to catalyze a two-step process that bypasses the glycolytic stage mediated by pyruvate kinase.
The common metabolite of these enzymes is oxaloacetate.
The steps to convert pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate are as follows:
- In the mitochondrion, pyruvate is converted to oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase.
- In the cytosol, malate or aspartate is formed from oxaloacetate and is then converted back to oxaloacetate.
- Oxaloacetate is changed into phosphoenolpyruvate by the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
- Phosphoenolpyruvate reverses the processes of glycolysis to produce fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
Learn more about gluconeogenesis here:
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Answer:
The answer is C. They cause air pollution.
Answer:
Planktons
Explanation:
Microscopic plants known as planktons are found near the surface of marine biomes.
These planktons are producers for all life forms in the marine ecosystem. Without them, other life forms thriving in such biomes would be near impossible.
These planktons are capable of carrying out photosynthesis by which they manufacture their own food from inorganic materials in the environment.