Simplify the following. - (3z)2
2 answers:
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1)
g(x) = f(x)+12 represents translating f(x) 12 units up to get g(x). This is because y = f(x), so we're effectively adding 12 to each y coordinate of the points on f(x) to have them move to the points on g(x).
note: the term "translating" is another way of saying "shifting" or "sliding".
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2)
h(x) = f(x)-7 means translating f(x) 7 units down to get h(x). We use the same reasoning as in problem 1. The general form is h(x) = f(x)+k, and in this case, k = -7. The negative k value tells us to shift down.
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3)
g(x) = f(x+8) means we translate 8 units to the left. The general template is g(x) = f(x-h). If h > 0, then we shift right. If h < 0, then we shift left. The amount that is shifted is equal to the absolute value of h.
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4)
h(x) = f(x-14) tells us to shift f(x) 14 units to the right. Same idea as problem 3, but now h = 14.
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5)
g(x) = 4*f(x) means we vertically stretch f(x) by a factor of 4. Since y = f(x), we are effectively doing g(x) = 4*f(x) = 4*y, which pulls the y coordinates upward by a factor of 4. A point like (1,2) will jump to (1,8) after multiplying the y coordinate by 4.
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6)
g(x) = f(5x) tells us to horizontally compress f(x) by a factor of 5. The general template is g(x) = f(a*x) where the 'a' determines horizontal stretching or compression. If , then we have horizontal stretching going on. If
, then we'll have horizontal compression.
Domain is the entire span left to right (on the x-axis) that the graph is on. Since the graph goes from x=-4 and ends at x=4, the domain would be from -4 to 4. The circle at -4 is open, so it does not include the point at -4, just everything leading up to it. So, the domain would be
The range is similar, it is the entire span that the graph goes up and down (on the y-axis). The graph starts at the bottom at y=-2, and ends at y=5. The bottom point (4,-2) is closed, so the graph includes that point, and the top point (-4,5) is open and doesn't include the point. Therefore, the range would be