Answer:
All of them.
Explanation:
For considering the annuity formula we can determinate all the proposed factor:

C represent II the amount of each cash flow
r = represent the discopunt rate
while time or "n" represent the numebr of cashflow we have to calcualte the present value.
The timing refer wether the payment are made at the beginning or end of the period.
When made at the beginning it is an annuity-due
and the (1+r) factor multiplies the previous formula to represent the addtional period of capitalization each cashflow has or the one period less to discount for each cashflwo in cases of prresent value.
Answer: return on investment
Explanation:
The return on investment is a ratio that exists between the net profit and the cost of that particular investment. It should be noted that a high return on investment simply means that the profit of the investment compare favourably to the cost incurred for that investment.
Some investment opportunities that should be accepted from the viewpoint of the entire company may be rejected by a manager who is evaluated on the basis of return of investment.